To weather the shock, policymakers should ensure that any near-term measures are time-bound and targeted at the most ...

The IMF Executive Board completed the fifth review under Ecuador’s 48-month Extended Fund Facility (EFF) arrangement, ...

El Directorio Ejecutivo del FMI completó la quinta revisión del acuerdo de 48 meses en el marco del Servicio Ampliado del FMI (SAF) para Ecuador, lo que permite un desembolso inmediato de aproximadame ...

This Note documents Greece’s comprehensive tax administration reform journey over 2010–2025, showing how sustained reform under crisis conditions translated institutional change and digital innovation ...

Countries face vastly different exposure to higher oil prices and supply uncertainty, shaped by whether they import or export, and how much policy space they have to respond ...

Liechtenstein faces long-term fiscal pressures from population aging, climate transition, and enhanced security requirements. Using a Marginal Abatement Cost Curve framework, cohort-component ...

This Selected Issues Paper analyzes productivity and long-run growth in Liechtenstein. Despite among the highest labor productivity levels in Europe, growth has been weak over an extended period, ...

Europa tiene que reformarse bajo presión. El shock actual no es un motivo para postergar las reformas. Es una razón más para impulsar la agenda de reformas.

Trade policy uncertainty (TPU) has reached record highs in recent years. This paper builds granular TPU measures for several ASEAN economies that distinguish between protectionist and trade ...

These representative exchange rates, which are reported to the Fund by the issuing central bank, are expressed in terms of currency units per U.S. dollar, except for those indicated by (1) which are ...

On monetary policy, central banks emphasized that they are laser focused on their price stability mandates.

Au cours de ces dernières années, l’économie mondiale a été mise à l’épreuve par des chocs récurrents dus à des guerres et à des conflits, y compris celui qui se déroule actuellement au Moyen-Orient.